Jumat, 06 Mei 2016

BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS

BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS

letter


 





Disusun Oleh :
Faisal Awaludin
23114812

Kelas :
2KB07


FAKULTAS ILKOM JURUSAN SISTEM KOMPUTER
Mata Kuliah : BAHASA INGGRIS
Dosen : GITA RAHMI





1. what is business letter ? and what is the component of business letter ?
            
            A business letter is usually a letter from one company to another, or between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. The overall style of letter depends on the relationship between the parties concerned. Business letters can have many types of contents, for example to request direct information or action from another party, to order supplies from a supplier, to point out a mistake by the letter's recipient, to reply directly to a request, to apologize for a wrong, or to convey goodwill. A business letter is sometimes useful because it produces a permanent written record, and may be taken more seriously by the recipient than other forms of communication
components
business letter consist of letter head on which are printed a dateline, an inside address, a salutation, a subject line, the body of the letter, a complimentary closing, a signature block, an ID line and notation.
         Ø  dateline
usually keyed 2.5 inches/15 lines below the top edge or .5 inch/3 lines below the letterhead. should be written out December 15, 2011
     
       Ø  inside address
states the title and address of the person for whom the letter is intended. for a physician- Dr.____ or ____M.D. ___M.D. is preferred

        Ø  salutation
Keyed flush with the left margin on the second line below the inside address. should refer to the receiver on the letter,using a title and surname (last name) Dear Mrs Brown. If the receiver and sender know each other well, first name may be used. in formal correspondence, is followed by a colon, a comma should be used in informal.

       Ø  subject
used to bring the subject of the letter to the readers attention. should be typed 2 lines below the salutation and two lines above the body of the letter
         Ø  body
begins two lines below the salutation or subject line. is single spaced with a blank line between paragraphs. leave a blank line above and below a list, and indent each item on the list .5 inch from the left margin.
        Ø  complimentary closing
placed two lines below the last line of the body and consisting of one of the following- Sincerely, Yours truly, Best regards. followed by a coma. one the first letter of the first word is capitalized.
         Ø  signature block
contains the senders name on the first line and title on the second. should be typed four lines below to allow the signature.
*signed by the MA- routine business nature/supply orders *signed by the doctor- medical reports, letters by the insurance company, consultation or referral letters and letters clinical in nature.

        Ø  ID line
typist initials are sometimes included two lines below the signature block. the traditional full form includes the initials of the person responsible for creating the letter followed by a colon or a slash and then the typist;s initials
        Ø  notation
includes information such as the number and type of enclosure and the names of other people who receive copies of the letter. typed two lines below the signature block or ID line.
        Ø  full block
typed with all lines in standard letter format, flush left. quick and easy to write. one of the most common formats used in medical practice
        Ø  modified block
all lines begin at the left margin, with the exception of the date line, complimentary closing and keyed signature, which usually begins at the center position
        Ø  simplified
all lines are keyed flush with the left margin. most modern letter style. in most situations in a medical office, style may be to informal.
        Ø  envelopes
three common used sizes-6 3/4, 7 and 10 (also called business size). most common in the medical office are 6 3/4 and 10. 6 3/4 with a window is often used for mailing statements
        Ø  return address
for the sender should be placed in the upper left corner

2. explain the differences between of full block style and semi block style letter

Semi-Block Format
The semi-block format business letter is a little less formal than the block format letter and slightly more formal than the modified block format letter. It works well in almost all situations and is a good choice if you find yourself on the fence about which format to use.
Semi-block business letters differ from most others in that the first line of each paragraph is indented. Look at the modified semi-block business letter template if you’d like to try another format with indentations. It is the least formal of all the formats shown on this page

Full Block Format
Full block style business letters have a formal appearance, however they can be used in informal business situations as well as formal ones. If you are looking for a single format that will work well in every situation, this is a good one to use. Notice that the following business letter format is laid out so that it is easy to read. It is also a template that is very easy to type, as there are no indents to worry about.

3. give example full block style business letter and semi block

Full Block Format Business Letter Template
Your Name
Address
Address
Phone
Today’s Date
Recipient’s Name
Company
Address
Address
Address

Dear (Recipient’s Name),
This block format business letter template illustrates how quick and easy communications can be to type. Notice that it looks very much like the semi-block letter format, except the paragraphs are not indented. This is a format you can use for all business occasions.
Notice that all elements in this letter are left justified. This formatting provides a crisp, modern look that many people prefer. If you have any enclosures to include in this letter, make a note at the bottom left, a few spaces below the signature block. Just write “enclosures:” and follow up with the names of any items inside the envelope. A brochure, an application, or a copy of an invoice are some of the things you might think about including.
Sincerely,
Your First name, Last name, and Title
Semi-Block Format Business Letter Template
Your Name
Address
Address
Phone
Today’s Date
Recipient’s Name
Company
Address
Address
Address
Dear (Recipient’s Name),
This semi-block business letter format looks very much like the block letter format, except the
paragraphs have been indented. Semi-block format letters are just a little more formal than modified semi-block business letters.
Notice that the sender’s address, the closing, the signature, and the signature block are left justified.
The only elements of this business letter format that are not left justified are the first lines of each of the paragraphs.
If you have any enclosures to include in this letter, make a note at the bottom left, a few spaces below
the signature block. Just write “enclosures:” and follow up with the names of any items inside the envelope. A brochure, an application, or a copy of an invoice are some of the things you might think about including.
Sincerely,
Your First name, Last name, and Title
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Sabtu, 16 April 2016

Tense

Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense is a verb form to state the facts , habits , or events that occur at this time .
The verb form is most commonly used in the English language .
Explanation and Formula Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense is formed from the verb - 1 ( present tense ) or linking verb "be " (is, am , are) . What is the verb - 1 ? Verb - 1 is a bare infinitive with additional -s or -es (eg verb - 1 : does , goes , wants) specifically for subjectberupa singular noun ( singular noun : Tita , book , car ) or the third person singular pronoun ( the pronoun The third single : she , he, it) ; or without modification (eg verb - 1 : do , go , want ) to subjectberupa plural noun ( boys , men , books) or plural pronouns ( we , they ) , pronoun I / you , ataucompound subject ( you and me , Tina and Ratih ) .

Thus the formula for the simple present tense sentences positive, negative and interrogative as follows .
Kalimat
Rumus Simple Present Tense
Contoh Simple Present Tense
positif
(+)
S + V-1
S +/- auxiliary (do/does) + bare infinitive
She likes eating out
S + be (am/is/are)
The children are naughty.
negatif
(-)
S + auxiliary (do/does) + not + bare infinitive
She doesn’t like eating out
S + be(am/is/are) + not
The children aren’t naughty
interogatif
(?)
Do/Does + S + bare infinitive
Does she like eating out
Be(am/is/are) + S
Are the children naughty


Simple Past Tense
 
Simple past tense is a simple form of the verb to indicate that an event occurred in the past . In the simple past tense , time of occurrence ( yesterday , last two days , last year) or the time line ( for two months , for a day , for an hour ) can be specifically mentioned .

Formula Simple Past Tense
 
Simple past tense is formed from the verb - 2 ( past tense ) or linking verb "be " ( was , were ) . What is the verb - 2 ? Verb - 2 is the bare infinitive ( base verb form ) with added -ed , -en , -d , -t , -n , or -ne for regular verb or form inconsistent at irregular verb. [ See also : Regular and Irregular Verb ]
 
Was that a singular verb is used in the singular subject ( such as : I, she, he, it , Andi , and the cat ) unless " you" , on the contrary were that a plural verb is used in the plural subject ( such as : you , they , we , Andi and Susi , and the cats ) . [ Read also : Subject- Verb Agreement ]

Berikut rumus simple past tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif.
Jenis Kalimat
Rumus
Contoh Simple Past Tense
positif (+)
S + Verb-2 (past tense)
S + be(was/were)
The teacher came
I was a stamp collector
negatif (-)
S + did + not + bare infinitive
S + be(was/were) + not
The teacher didn’t come
I wasn’t a stamp collector
interogatif (?)
Did + S + bare infinitive
be(was/were) + S
Did the teacher come
Was I a stamp collector

 
Past Continuous Tense
 
Past continuous progressive tense or past tense is a form of the verb used to express that an action is happening at a particular time in the past . The action has been initiated but not completed by that time.

The formula Past Continuous Tense
 
Past continuous tense is formed with the auxiliary verb "be " , the form was / were - because the past tense ( past ) , and the present participle . Was for a singular subject ( I, she, he , it , and the third person ) and were for a plural subject ( you , they , we , the third person plural ) .
 
Continuous Past tense continuous TensePast generally only occur in the form of dynamic action verbs , not stative verb because generally only dynamic verb that has the form of continuous [ Read : Stative Verb with Form Progressive ] .

Dengan demikian rumus past continuous tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif adalah sebagai berikut.
Jenis Kalimat
Rumus
Contoh Past Continuous Tense
positif (+)
S + be(was/were) + V1-ing/present participle
The team was running
The workers were queuing
negatif (-)
S + be(was/were) + not + V1-ing/present participle
The team was not running
The workers weren’t queuing
interogatif(?)
be(was/were) + S + V1-ing/present participle?
Was the team running
Were the workers queuing

 
 
 
Past Perfect Tense
 
Past perfect tense is a verb form used to claim that an action has been completed at some point in the past before another action occurs .
 
The action, which has been completed in the past it may happen repeatedly or only once . In addition, the past perfect tense can also be used to form a conditional sentence type 3 and Reported speech .

Formula Past Perfect Tense
 
Past perfect tense is formed with the auxiliary verb "had " , and the past participle ( verb - 3 ) ​​. Had used both for singular and plural subject . While past participle may be irregular or regular verb. Thus the formula for the past perfect tense sentences positive, negative and interrogative are as follows .

Kalimat
Rumus Past Perfect Tense
Contoh Past Perfect Tense
positif (+)
S + had + Verb-3/past participle
My brother had slept
They had come
negatif (-)
S + had + not + Verb-3/past participle
My brother hadn’t slept
They hadn’t come
interogatif (?)
had + S + Verb-3/past participle
Had my brother slept
Had they come

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Simple Future Tense
 
Simple future tense is a verb form used to claim that an action happens in the future , spontaneous or planned .
 
Tense can also be used to form a type of conditional sentence

Formula Simple Future Tense
 
Simple future tense is formed of capital "will " or "shall " and the bare infinitive ( base verb form ) or formed from phrasal capital "be going to" and the bare infinitive ( base form verb).
 
Thus the formula for the simple future tense sentences positive, negative and interrogative as follows .

Jenis Kalimat
Rumus
Contoh Simple Future Tense
positif
(+)
S + will + bare infinitive
S + be (am/is/are) going to + bare infinitive
You will win
They are going to come
negatif
(-)
S + will + not + bare infinitive
S + be (am/is/are) + not + going to + bare infinitive
You won’t win
They aren’t going to come
interogatif
(?)
Will + S + bare infinitive
Be (am/is/are) + S + going to + bare infinitive?
Will you win
Are they going to come